Tag: CNBC-TV18

  • CNBC-TV18 steals the show on the television and digital arena with the most comprehensive coverage of the 2019 Interim Budget

    CNBC-TV18 steals the show on the television and digital arena with the most comprehensive coverage of the 2019 Interim Budget

    MUMBAI: The last budget presented by the NDA government marked the first budget of CNBC-TV18 as an integrated newsroom with comprehensive coverage across TV and the digital space. Over the course of an eventful Friday, CNBC-TV18’s digital avatar was successfully able to elevate and expand the platform’s reach amongst India's growing business audience.

    Shereen Bhan, Managing Editor, CNBC-TV18, said, “CNBC-TV18 continued its dominance on budget day, with the biggest voices from corporate India and the markets analysing the fine print of the budget in real time. Our comprehensive coverage was complemented this year by our digital operations, which provided our audience with more options to access our content. CNBC-TV18’s effort to make the budget accessible to all was bolstered by CNBCTV18.com, which helped our readers get more from the budget."

    In the build-up to the big day, in-depth and extensive pre-budget expectations were covered through an in-depth budget microsite. Subscribers, who keep themselves abreast of the latest happenings, were sent regular newsletter updates of the expectations, verdict and highlights. To help break down the budget that covered a host of diverse sectors, for the uninitiated, budget highlights were made easy to consume via video, text and infographic formats along with WhatsApp alerts through the day. These tools, on the back of effective ideation and execution, coupled with real-time analyses by industry experts, were able to effectively bridge the knowledge gap that existed between the target audience and the budget presented. 

    Binoy Prabhakar, Editor, CNBCTV18.com, commented “CNBTV18.com helps readers stay on top of news and see the corners. Budget 2019, though our first since launch, was no different as we provided our audience with the news and views that matter to them. They benefited from the full power of an integrated newsroom as TV and Digital worked in tandem to provide them breaking news and in-depth analyses to connect the dots about the budget.”

    Ensuring that the audiences don't miss out on a single minute of the budget, delivering updates in real-time was of paramount importance. Live coverage of the budget was achieved via real-time Twitter updates from industry experts in addition to cutting-edge analysis of the Budget in the form of videos and live blogs. Visitors were also able to stream the live television feed of CNBC-TV18 on the website to catch up with the budget on the go. 

    They could access budget highlights and read about reactions from corporates, industry experts and anchors, which offered them an authentic perspective from those involved in their respective sectors. Some of the leading financial experts present as columnists on the platform included Baba Kalyani, chairman and managing director of Bharat Forge, S Naren, ED & CIO, ICICI Prudential AMC, Nilesh Shah, MD & CEO, Kotak Mutual Fund, Niranjan Hiranandani is co-Founder and MD, Hiranandani Group, Ashish Fafadia – Partner – Blume Ventures, Sunil Rohokale – Managing Director and CEO, ASK Group, Sudhakar Sethuraman – Partner, Deloitte India, Rajiv Chugh – Partner & National Leader, Policy Advisory & Speciality Services, EY India and Shishir Baijal – Chairman and Managing Director of Knight Frank India. 

    Also sharing their valuable inputs as guest speakers were Anand Mahindra – Chairman of the Mahindra Group, Deepak Parekh – Chairman of HDFC, Ashok Wadhwa – Group CEO of Ambit Capital and Mark Mobius – Founding Partner of Mobius Capital Partners.

    While Finance minister Piyush Goyal took centre stage as he presented the interim budget on an eventful February 1, CNBC-TV18 too came at the forefront in delivering real-time coverage of the budget via authentic offerings from experts. Having positioned itself as one of the leaders of disseminating reliable information when it comes to business, the platform gave its audiences a truly extensive coverage on a day that played a crucial role in the shaping of the country's future. 

    Ranjita Sehgal, Business Head, CNBCTV18.com added “For years, CNBC-TV18 has held the reputation of the Budget Headquarters of the country. This year, for the Interim Budget 2019, we went a step further and leveraged the strength of a unified newsroom powered by television and digital providing real-time analysis and insights; making CNBC-TV18 the coveted destination for both consumers and advertisers.”

  • English biz news genre exhibits drop in TV viewership, growth on digital platforms

    English biz news genre exhibits drop in TV viewership, growth on digital platforms

    MUMBAI: Despite all the hullabaloo about digital cannibalising TV, the rapid rise of digital platforms hasn’t had a negative impact on traditional news viewing for now. In fact, the two consumption modes have complemented each other, enhancing the reach of content and news pieces to an ever wider audience. This trend, however, does not seem to hold true for English business news. While the viewership of the genre is increasing on digital, that on TV seems to have taken a hit in the recent past.

    Comparing viewership data for the top three channels in the past one year, it is not difficult to spot this difference. The leader in the genre, CNBC TV18, had 654 impressions ‘000 in week 4 in 2018 compared to 339 impressions ‘000 for the corresponding period in 2019. ET Now saw a dip from 608 impressions ‘000 to 155 impressions ‘000 in January 2019. BTVI too wasn't exempt from this trend, showcasing a viewership drop from 110 impressions ‘000 to 52 impressions ‘000. 

    According to BARC data, the core audience for the English business news channel is All India (U+R): NCCS AB: Males 22+ Individuals. CNBC TV18 has witnessed a drop of 39 per cent viewership among its core audience within a time frame of 15 weeks, starting week 40 2018 to week 2 2019. CNBC TV18 accounts for 65 per cent of the genre viewership. If we consider CNBC TV18 Prime HD, the viewership share goes up to 70 per cent.

    On the other hand, CNBC TV18 seems to be gaining quite a bit of traction on YouTube. The channel's total subscribers on YouTube are 285,867; it gained around 18,000 subscribers and was watched for 14.7 million minutes in December 2018.

    Commenting on the growth of business news on digital media, PwC MD risk assurance- media and entertainment Anand Punmiya said, “If we analyse TV English business news viewership data for past one year it appears that spike and downtrend are clearly event driven. However, on an average the TV viewership impressions were in the range of 500-600 and there was a marginal fall when news became available on digital platforms. It may not be apt to state that viewers have moved from TV to digital platform with respect to English business news, both platforms continue to have their own significance and convenience of use.”

    Urban India is ahead when it comes to consuming news on digital mediums but it is mainly headlines. However, for analysis, views or opinions, the preferred option is always a news channel or newspaper. Advertising on digital medium is growing rapidly, though not at the expense of TV revenues.

    BTVI claims to have doubled its viewership market share from 10 per cent in December 2018 to 19 per cent in January 2019.

    BTVI COO Megha Tata said, “In my opinion, core TG of the genre (22+ Males) is out of home (at their place of work) during the prime time of the genre (8 am to 4 pm). Hence, measuring at home does not give a true picture of genre viewership. Having said that, English business news is a very unstable genre and according to current measurement methods, genre viewership has seen a decline of 18 per cent in CY 2018 as compared to CY 2017. However, BTVI has grown by 19 per cent in the same time period.”

    BTVI has built a strong digital ecosystem, its content is available on OTT platforms such as Hotstar, JioTV, YouTube, Sony LIV, ZEE5, and YUPP TV. The channel is available on these platforms both as LIVE stream and VOD. 

    “Going by our experience, we have seen a huge uptake of business news content on OTT platforms as well as trading apps mentioned above. Clearly, there is a huge market for business content on digital ecosystem. However, we have grown our viewership on linear TV platform as well. Hence, it would be more accurate to say that viewers are getting added as genre consumers on digital platforms and not shifting from TV to digital,” Tata added. 

    Besides such OTT platforms, large proportion of business news genre viewers actively deal in stock market over various trading platforms. Such trading platforms have relevant set of viewers ready to consume business content on these platforms. Knowing this, BTVI became the only English business news channel to be present on trading apps such as Axis Direct, Kotak Securities, IIFL markets, HDFC Securities and Geojit. 

    With the general elections just around the corner, it remains to be seen what English business news channels have on offer to woo the audiences. With a tantalising political contest on offer, business news channels would like to seize upon the chance to regain some of the lost momentum with clever and engaging programming.

  • DD India in top 5 list of BARC ratings for 2nd week

    DD India in top 5 list of BARC ratings for 2nd week

    MUMBAI: DD India held onto its second position in the English news genre in BARC India week 4 data. All the broadcasters in the genre witnessed a dip in viewership apart from DD India and CNN News18. English news, Hindi news (U+R) and Hindi news rural markets saw slight change in positions where as English Business news and Hindi news urban didn’t witness any change.

    English news

    All the channels in the genre witnessed a decline in their respective viewership apart from DD India and CNN News18. CNN News18 climbed up a slot to fourth position with a slight spike in viewership and India Today Television dropped a slot to fifth position.

    Week 4: Saturday, 19 January 2019 to Friday, 25 January 2019

    English business news

    The English business news genre saw no changes in terms of position, but the genre leader saw a slight fall in the impressions.

    Hindi news (U+R)

    Zee News and India TV climbed a slot each to third and fourth position respectively, compared to last week. ABP News dropped two slots to fifth position in week 4.

    Hindi news rural

    News18 India and ABP News are at second and third positions after interchanging their position compared to last week.

    Hindi news urban

    The Hindi news (urban) genre saw no changes in terms of position.

  • Network18 celebrates National Cleanliness Day with the second edition of ‘India Hoga Clean’

    Network18 celebrates National Cleanliness Day with the second edition of ‘India Hoga Clean’

    National : Network18, India’s leading news network, celebrates ‘National Cleanliness Day’ with the second edition of their popular campaign – ‘India Hoga Clean’ concluding on a rousing note. The campaign aimed to reinforce the message of keeping our country clean and at the same time acknowledged the efforts of those who did so.

    Conceptualized with an aim to kick-start a movement, the campaign encouraged every citizen of the country to realize the importance of karamcharis who work hard every day to keep our country clean. The ‘India Hoga Clean’ campaign also highlighted how those who help keep the nation clean should not be mistreated, but instead should be acknowledged for their diligent efforts. Through such a venture, the platform successfully broadened its reach to amplify the message of instilling a ‘pro-active hygiene and cleanliness’ agenda in various places like Navi Mumbai, Ahmedabad, Delhi and Indore.

    In the first edition, the campaign raised a toast to the efforts of different activist groups by dedicating episodes capturing the work done by them to maintain hygiene and cleanliness in different cities like Mumbai, Pune, Goa and Bangalore which were featured on CNBC-TV18 and CNN-News18. This year, the campaign will comprise of a contest across its digital platforms where people can acknowledge their cleaning armies of government karamcharis. Individuals can capture and share the simple moment of gratification and upload it on the official India Hoga Clean Facebook/Twitter Page.

    Stay up to date with the second edition of the ‘India Hoga Clean’ campaign by following #ThankYouThoBantaHai on Facebook/Twitter.

     

  • Shilpa Shetty joins Network18 as national revenue head – display – business news cluster

    Shilpa Shetty joins Network18 as national revenue head – display – business news cluster

    MUMBAI: Network18 has appointed Shilpa Shetty as national revenue head – display – business news cluster. Shetty brings with her 18 years of rich experience as a sales professional with a demonstrated history of working in the broadcast media industry.

    After stints with BTVI and the Times Network, where she was the youngest VP, Shilpa Shetty has returned home to Network18 Group as national revenue head – display – business news cluster, namely CNBC TV18, CNBC Prime HD, CNBC AWAAZ and CNBC BAJAR. She will report to Network18 COO Avinash Kaul.

    Commenting on the appointment, Shetty said, “It is a delight to come back to Network18 and I look forward to another successful inning in my career. I really am excited to work with the team and take the channels to newer heights”.

    She is a former Navy Queen and a Ford Super Model Finalist and has led Mumbai University in Handball at the national level.

  • Network18 Digital CEO Manish Maheshwari departs

    Network18 Digital CEO Manish Maheshwari departs

    MUMBAI: Network18 Media & Investments Ltd’s Digital CEO Manish Maheshwari is set to depart from his role at the company.

    Maheshwari is currently serving his notice period, sources confirm in the organisation.

    Allied for more than two years with Network18, he had joined the company in April 2016. As Network18 Digital’s CEO, he managed the digital estates which included Firstpost, News18, Moneycontrol, CNBC-TV18, In.com and CricketNext.

    Maheshwari had worked with Flipkart before joining Network18 where he headed the merchant business and seller ecosystem.

    Previously, he also worked with Intuit as GM and managing director of txtWeb, also has the experience with companies such as McKinsey and Procter & Gamble.

  • Our shows will empower people to drive electoral discourse: Network18’s Priyanka Kaul

    Our shows will empower people to drive electoral discourse: Network18’s Priyanka Kaul

    MUMBAI: The news genre has entered its peak time – election season. All news channels including Hindi, English and regional have started their election-based programming from the exit polls that took place on 7 December 2018. Election coverage is like the bread and butter for news channels since this is where they get to score more loyal viewers.

    If we look at the BARC rating of week 48, channels of Network18 are present in each of the six categories of news. The network’s business news channels CNBC TV18 and CNBC Awaaz led the chart in their respective markets. Whereas, the Hindi news channel, News18 India, is present in all three genres in the top 3 channels.

    Indiantelevision.com caught up with Network18 president marketing and special projects Priyanka Kaul to talk about the network’s plan for the upcoming election and the content and marketing strategy.

    Excerpts:

    In the run-up to the elections, how do you see the growth of news channels?

    Elections clearly drive a strong spike in viewership of news channels. In a democratic polity such as ours people at large retain a key interest in politics. As elections have become shriller over the years, people have developed a keen interest in tracking the outcome of electoral battles. Given this, there is an uptick in viewership for election-related programming that peaks on counting day which clearly becomes a tent pole.

    How do you position your brand ahead of election year?

    As a network, we have always prided ourselves in our coverage of elections. We have developed a reputation over the years of being the most accurate and the first to call elections. Given our national and regional reach and hence our ability to not only track key stories across the length and breadth of the country but also to evaluate the likely impact of the same. In terms of our brand strategy we have always believed that there is no real alternative to Network18 when it comes to elections and hence we center much of our promotion on the thought of Elections=Network18.

    Could you give us an overview of news genre (breakup of Hindi, English and regional channels) – share of viewership by category?

    News is the third most watched category on television, after GECs and movies with a share of 7.7 per cent with regional leading the pack with over 60 per cent viewership followed by Hindi & English news at 37 per cent and less than 1 per cent respectively. We are India’s largest news network with a vast bouquet of national and regional channels. News18 India leads the Hindi news genre during key prime time band (7-11pm in urban India) and CNBC-TV18 leads the English business news genre with an overall viewership of 77 per cent approximately. CNBC Awaaz leads the Hindi business news genre with an overall viewership share of over 70 per cent while we see a 90 per cent share during the Budget Speech.

    How has the channel performed in terms of viewership and revenue?

    News18 Network has 10.7 per cent share amongst all news channels. News18 India ranks number 2 overall and sees 15.4 per cent market share during primetime and 11.6 per cent market share respectively. CNN News18 ranks number 3 in the genre with 13.2 per cent market share. CNBC-TV18 & Awaaz rank number 1 in the genre with 70.6 per cent and 59.1 per cent market share during market hours respectively.

    What is your content and marketing strategy going forward?

    Our content and marketing strategy going forward will be strongly centred on the idea of keeping our viewers, the voters at the centre of all our plans. Catering to their needs and reinventing shows to keep them interested along with content and programming fresh is the key to our plans and strategy. As previously mentioned, we are looking at integrating our viewers with the most popular shows on News18 India. This approach is something that we shall remain strongly committed to. Our shows/campaign will try and ensure that viewers not only become a part of electoral discourse but are actually empowered to drive the same. Through different formats – vox pops, audience-based shows, surveys – we will ensure that we go beyond the same talking heads and studios that have become par for the course.

    Any new show launches in the pipeline? Which time slot and the show are getting the highest viewership? 

    There are of course a slew of new show launches and we constantly also ramp-up existing shows in the pipeline. For instance, 2 of the most popular shows on News18 India – Lapete Mien Netaji and BhaiyajiKahin – are travelling to Rajasthan and MP. We are in fact even running a marketing campaign to invite local viewers to our shows as they travel through these regions. We are of course looking at launching several new shows in the lead up to the general elections including shows that will fully leverage the strength of the entire network – 20 channels across general news, business news and regional news. We will also be looking at launching shows that focus key societal segments including the youth and women voters. Different formats including campaign trails, voxpop based shows, political satires etc. are also being planned.

    Which category of brands shows more interest in the Hindi news space?

    Hindi news, especially during election season, gives brands both reach as well as stature. Hence we see multiple categories get active from FMCG to e-commerce. High viewership, coupled with a keen interest in the segment, attracts all brands.

    What is the total reach of the news channels overall? Which region is contributing to the highest viewership in Hindi, English and regional genre?

    News18 Network channels reached 429 million viewers (in Oct’18) higher than any other news network. South is the highest contributing region for the English news genre as well as CNN News18 – contributes 37 per cent to the genre and 47 per cent to CNN News18.UP/Uttarakhand is the highest contributing region for the Hindi news genre as well as News18 India – contributes 18 per cent to the genre and 17 per cent to News18 India.

    Amongst regional news Malayalam news sees 98 per cent market share and Tamil/Telugu news sees 97 per cent each, followed by Kannada news at 91 per cent and Oriya (86 per cent), Bangla (75 per cent), Marathi (48 per cent). Regional news channels have the highest share among all news channels in the state.

    How are you planning to cover the upcoming four assembly elections by the year end?

    Our network channels like News18 Rajasthan, MP & Chhattisgarh are already doing extensive coverage around assembly elections apart from our national channels which is CNN-News18 and News18 India doing special shows around these elections. As we close in on the counting day the quantum of programming will keep increasing with shows such as the Poll of Polls and more. The channels will continue to track developments given the importance of these elections. We will also be leveraging our social media channels along with our digital asset www.news18.com to ensure that relevant and accurate information flows seamlessly to our viewers across all touch points.

  • Network18 Digital launches news service on WhatsApp in 9 Indic languages

    Network18 Digital launches news service on WhatsApp in 9 Indic languages

    MUMBAI: Network18 Digital has launched Indic language news service on WhatsApp to reach the masses ahead of the world’s largest democratic elections. This service will be available to users across CNBC-TV18, moneycontrol, CricketNext, Firstpost English, Firstpost Hindi, Tech2, in.com, News18 English, News18 Hindi, News18 Tamil, News18 Telugu, News18 Malayalam, and News18 Kannada. The digital arm of Network18 has over 100 million monthly active visitors.

    Network18 digital CEO Manish Maheshwari said, “We strive to delight our audiences by delivering credible news, insightful opinions and engaging conversations through innovative product experience resulting in strong loyalty and high stickiness. In an era of fake news, this is one more arrow in our quiver to ensure our audiences are catered to at their convenience with credible and relevant news of their choice. We wanted to harness the Whatsapp platform which currently has 200+ million monthly active users in India."

    The beginning of this initiative was during moneycontrol’s coverage of the Union Budget session in Parliament. On January 31st, 2018, moneycontrol launched its first service, offering audiences a chance to get the latest news and views on the Budget directly from moneycontrol onto WhatsApp. This initial pilot was a huge success, proving to be popular with large numbers of audiences as well as showcasing record highs in engagement by these subscribed users on the platform. This germinated into a network-level offering, with capabilities explored for more powerful features such as Indic languages support on the platform.

    Network18 digital CPO Avinash Mudaliar said, “This offering is another attempt to enhance ease of use, access, and engagement when it comes to reaching our readers at their point of convenience and consumption. We want to be where the users spend their most time. Our research shows that with more accessible data, even our regional content readers are consuming content on Whatsapp. Connecting through Whatsapp is thus the logical choice of distribution.  We will experiment with different content formats, closely analyse the responses from users and see what works best with our Whatsapp subscribers”.

    Network18’s Whatsapp channels are the trusted news sources on the Whatsapp platform. Network18 has been strengthening its regional offerings with user-friendly features e.g. progressive web apps (PWAs) and has now been the pioneer in launching regional news through Whatsapp for the same audience. It is continuing to build other innovative features on Whatsapp which will roll out in the coming months.

    Users can subscribe to their publisher of choice, either from their desktop or mobile websites. In the case of News18 Indian languages properties, users can receive content in the language of their choice across 9 Indian languages in addition to English and Hindi. 

  • Network18 hands Avinash Kaul, Rahul Kansal additional portfolios

    Network18 hands Avinash Kaul, Rahul Kansal additional portfolios

    MUMBAI: Close on the heel of a senior executive from Network18 group announcing his departure and internal synergies being brought about in the company for better cohesion and functioning, the organisation has handed some other top execs newer responsibilities.

    Reliance Industries Ltd-controlled Network18 COO Avinash Kaul  has been handed the sales responsibilities for the group with all national sales heads reporting into him. Kaul will continue to be the MD of A+E at TV18, the television arm of Network18 that controls the largest number of TV news channels in India.

    Brand wiz Rahul Kansal , who cut his teeth at the Times of India group and joined Network18 earlier this year as group brand advisor, has been given interim charge of the overall marketing for network. Day-to-day activities will be taken care of by respective TV channels.

    Two recent departures from the group and a joint venture included that of Forbes India CEO and Network 18 President (Revenue) Joy Chakraborthy  and Viacom18 COO Raj Nayak . Nayak will stay on till early 2019 with the company that’s a joint venture with American media giant Viacom.  

    Apart from Kaul and Kansal getting additional responsibilities, Network18 president of special projects Priyanka Kaul will take over the charge of broadcast Focus and branded content and is shortly expected to revamp the Focus division.

    The two Kauls and Kansal will continue to report to Network18 and TV18 MD Rahul Joshi.

    Network18 Media and Investments Ltd is a media and entertainment company with interests in television, internet, filmed entertainment, digital business, magazines, mobile content and allied businesses. The company manages various digital businesses, including portals such as moneycontrol.com, ibnlive.com, burrp.com, in.com and firstpost.com.

    It also operates digital commerce properties like HomeShop18 and bookmyshow.com. In addition, Network18 is a leading player in the publishing space having under its wing titles such as Forbes India, Overdrive, Better Interiors and Better Photography.

    Through its subsidiary TV18 Broadcast Limited, the group operates news channels such as CNBC-TV18, CNBC Awaaz, CNBC Bajar, CNBC-TV18 Prime HD, CNN-News18, IBN7, ETV channels and News18 Lokmat (a Marathi regional news channel in partnership with the Lokmat group).

    TV18 also operates a joint venture with Viacom, called Viacom18, which houses a portfolio of popular entertainment channels like Colors, Colors HD, Colors Infinity, Rishtey, MTV India, MTV Indies, Comedy Central, Vh1, Nick, Sonic, Nick Jr, Teen Nick and Viacom18 Motion Pictures, the group's filmed entertainment business. TV18 operates a factual entertainment channel History TV18 and FYI TV18 through a joint venture with A+E Networks.

  • CNBCTV18.com and CNBC-TV18 break new ground with launch of educational web series — Mutual Funds Simplified

    CNBCTV18.com and CNBC-TV18 break new ground with launch of educational web series — Mutual Funds Simplified

    MUMBAI: CNBCTV18.com, the premium financial news digital platform, and CNBC-TV18, India’s No. 1 business new channel, will launch a new digital series named “Mutual Funds Simplified” around mid-November, 2018. The web series, a collaborative effort between the TV channel and the digital platform, is a guide to navigating the world of mutual funds and helping our audience become smarter investors. The episodes will first be out on CNBCTV18.com, and its social handles, followed by CNBC-TV18.   

    The three-part series — Beginner’s, Intermediary and Advanced — will help investors understand mutual funds and help fill the gaps about risks and opportunities in these type of investments. The series will explain the variety of investment options mutual funds offer, providing clarity so that investors can make informed choices while making their decisions.  

    On the launch of the first-of-its-kind digital educational series, Feroze Azeez, Deputy CEO, Anand Rathi Private Wealth Ltd, said, “India has 600 million young people and they are set to change the world. This generation is motivated, and a mix of both Indian and western cultures, where the internet and mobile phones are an important part of their learning and daily need. This web series is a fun way of learning to invest wisely and make your money work for your future financial goals. Mutual Funds Simplified, will prove to be beneficial and educational across categories and especially the young investors so they can make informed decisions.” 

    Commenting on the launch, Sumaira Abidi, Anchor, CNBC-TV18 said, “At CNBC-TV18 we are committed on helping viewers protect and grow their money. Mutual Funds Simplified – helps you understand how to protect your money against inflation and market volatility so you can create long-term wealth. The series will help you understand the diversity mutual funds propose and how you can carefully narrow it down to suit your portfolio.” 

    On the significance of Mutual Funds Simplified, Ranjita Sehgal, Business Head, CNBCTV18.com, stated, “The web series is out first educational multi format series from CNBC-TV18 and will rest across our digital, social and TV platforms. The two-to-three minute explainer-video helps retain investor’s attention. We take this as a great opportunity to partner brands who benefit from reaching out to the right audience and we look forward to tap such multi-format opportunities in the future.”