ITV

Category: Regulators

  • TRAI tariff order’s impact on the industry

    MUMBAI: How will Trai’s Telecommunication (Broadcasting and Cable) Services (Eight) (Addressable systems) Tariff Order, 2017, impact the industry and listed television eco-system companies?

    Leading institutional broker Kotak Institutional Equities (KIE) believes that the implementation of would enhance the bargaining power of distributors versus broadcasters, at the margin. KIE contends that while it is difficult to factor in all permutations and combinations and quantify the impact, Dish TV would most likely benefit. The impact on Zee would be negligible, if any, given the strength of its bouquet. Sun could potentially gain, but its upside is contingent on digitization in TN.

    KIE believes that flexibility to consumers will not reduce industry’s subscription revenue pool because there is a provision of access fee of up to Rs 130/month (excluding taxes). It says that even if a household subscribes for 10 popular pay channels on a-la-carte basis, it may result in subscription fee of more than Rs 100 (excluding taxes). It is unlikely that value subscribers (base pack/ low-ARPU subscribers) would be able to optimize subscription spends. If at all, they may receive less content for the same price going forward. However, there is room for premium subscribers (HD, multiple TVs) paying more than Rs 500/month per STB to optimize its subscription spends especially in case of nuclear families in urban markets..

    “We expect distributors to price and package channels such that consumers continue to find bouquet appealing. We also believe industry will not encourage or promote a-la-carte buying: (1) LCOs would likely discourage a-la-carte buying, (2) difficulty/hassle in opting for a-la-carte (through SMSes or call centres) will act as a deterrent,” says a KIE report.

    The regulation could possibly reduce scale led advantages of distributors. The permissible discounts would likely be on penetration milestones (percentage penetration as against absolute scale). Thus, the scale-led advantage of larger distributors can moderate. However, it will be difficult to track and monitor placement and marketing deals which may be used as an avenue to pass on scale-related benefits.

    KIE believes that it is likely that strong players will become stronger and weak players will become weaker. There is a high possibility that low-ARPU subscribers may get less content for the same price whereas premium subscribers may be able to optimize their subscription spends because of uniform pricing across urban markets and rural markets notwithstanding difference in purchasing power.

    Also, standalone channels and small broadcasters may be forced to pay higher carriage to maintain reach (at present DTH garners negligible carriage; post implementation DTH may demand higher carriage). Some channels may not be able to absorb the increase in costs. Small distributors, who do not have wherewithal for technological changes, may find it difficult.

    On upselling and HD push, the KIE paper says, “Access fee under the new regulation would contribute meaningfully to distributors’ revenue stream. Additionally, DTH should also see a sharp increase in carriage revenues. Given this, it has to be seen if the distributor ecosystem remains as focused on upselling and pushing HD. We believe the incentive for them to upsell is lower under the new regulation.”

    KIE is unsure if the regulations would weigh on long-term ARPU growth. Intuitively, more flexibility to choose content can make optimization of subscription budget easier at household level. It contends that barring top channels, price of most pay channels would be negligible and many channels would convert to FTA. Monetisation of niche channels may be difficult at the margin.

    The broking house feels that implementation of regulation would force cable to push package tiering and raise cable tariffs in line with DTH provided that LCOs align with it and broadcasters do not make any payments to cable other than prescribed by the regulation. The time lag between technical implementation of digitization and monetization is 1-2 years. In fact even after 3-4 years, Cable tariffs and MSOs ARPU in phase I-II markets lag expectations.

  • Industry surprised on Deepak’s transfer from DoT, Jio connection refuted

    NEW DELHI: Senior Indian Services officer J.S Deepak, who is to take charge as the next Indian ambassador to the World Trade Organisation in June this year, has been removed from his post of telecom secretary in the Department of Telecommunications.

    He has been temporarily moved to the Department of Commerce as Officer on Special Duty (OSD).

    A telecom ministry official, when contacted by indiantelevision.com, sought to play down the change, saying it was a routine transfer. However, he declined to answer questions on why this was not announced the way other transfers are announced through the personnel ministry.

    Although the official denied any connection with the Jio controversy, industry experts expressed surprised at the abrupt transfer and said it appeared a very clearly motivated act.

    Interestingly, Deepak was moved shortly after he wrote to the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India asking it to restrict the period of promotional packs offered by telcos, which is currently has a maximum validity of 90 days. He added that the Reliance Jio’s free offers have cost the government almost Rs 8 billion and that has affected the telecom industry. He pointed out to TRAI’s regulation which mentions that any kind of pack which is “promotional in nature” cannot be offered beyond 90 days.

    Deepak has earlier played the role of chief negotiator (India) at the WTO while signing the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership agreement, a global free trade agreement. Deepak also held an administerial position at DoT when it first introduced e-auctions during the 2010 spectrum auctions.

    Deepak joined the DoT first in 2008 as Joint Secretary and has also worked with various government departments overlooking policy. He earlier served as the chairman and managing director of State Trading Corporation (STC) of India, member of the board of directors of state-owned telcos BSNL, and MTNL.

    Deepak also holds a board position at the Board of India Trade Promotion Organization (ITPO), Indian Institute of Foreign Trade (IIFT) and the Governing Council of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI).

    He has also worked as a consultant with The Policy Project, a group of US-based institutes that looked into framing population and health policies. He holds an MBA from Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad.

  • Discounts by broadcasters to be part of RIO to ensure transparency: TRAI

    NEW DELHI: In an effort to address the concerns of stakeholders, all broadcasters have been given the freedom to publish their reference interconnect orders (RIOs) encompassing terms and conditions that are clearly known to the distributors / multi-system operators.

    The Telecommunication (Broadcasting and Cable Services) Interconnection (Addressable Systems) Regulations 2017 notified by the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India has also mandated a time-bound framework for interconnect orders.

    A cap has been put on discounts offered by broadcasters to DPOs to ensure that the subscriber gets realistic maximum retail price. Furthermore, these discounts have to be objectively defined in the RIO.

    TRAI said this is expected to bring in level playing field and effective competition in the sector. While doing this, adequate flexibility and freedom has been   provided to service providers for innovation and business ingenuity in offering their services.

    Transparent and non-discriminatory access to all types of distribution networks have been brought under the   regulatory framework. Besides mandating a framework of  RIO  for  charging of  carriage fee  on   transparent basis, a cap on  the  rate at which a DPO  can  charge carriage fee has been  prescribed. Further, it has also been provided that the carriage fee shall change with the change in subscription level of channels. In this way, entry for new channels in the market has been made predictable.

    Other features include a common regulatory framework for all types of TV distribution platforms providing services through Addressable Systems; availability of signals to   service  providers on  non-exclusive  and non­discriminatory basis;  and ensuring  access  to   the    distribution  networks  for   re-transmission  of  TV channels on  all   types of  distribution  platforms on   non-exclusive and non- discriminatory basis.

    The broadcasters and distributors will devise and design their RIOs for providing signals of TV channels and access to the distribution networks respectively, in conformance with the regulations and the tariff orders notified by the Authority, and declare the same.

    There will be a time bound provisioning of signals of TV channels & access to the network on the basis of transparent RIO framework.

    All Interconnection agreements will be signed between broadcasters and distributors on the basis of RIO.

    A framework has been prescribed for reports & audits.

    Complete details are available on

    The initial interconnect regulations were brought out in October last year but had been stayed by the Madras High Court but that order was set aside in an appeal by TRAI in the Supreme Court.

  • Distributors cannot charge more than Rs 130 per month for 100 SD channels: TRAI order

    MUMBAI: Consumers will now be able to receive 100 standard definition channels at Rs 130 a month plus taxes, according to the new TRAI tariff order issued last Friday. This will ensure reasonable rate of return to the DPOs on investments in the existing distribution networks as well as incentivise them for additional investment to ensure better network quality for providing value added services and broadband to subscribers. It is hoped that new framework will bring transparency, level playing field, encourage consumer choice and growth of the sector.

    The regulator stated that no separate charges other than this Network Capacity Fee (NCF) would be paid by the subscribers for opting Free-to-Air channels or bouquet of Free-to-Air channels.

    In order to provide choice to the subscribers and to curb skewed prices of a-la-carte channels as compared to bouquets, the Authority has mandated that a broadcaster can offer a maximum discount of 15 per cent while offering its bouquet of pay channels over the sum of MRPs of all the of pay channels in that bouquet. The restriction of maximum discount of 15 per cent on formation of bouquet is to ensure that a subscriber is not forced to take a channel which he doesn’t want. Forcing of non-driver channels to subscribers not only reduces choice of subscribers but also eats away bandwidth of distributors of television channels restricting entry of new and more competitive channels.

    Digtal addressable television distribution platforms, TRAI stated, are envisaged to provide several benefits to consumers of broadcasting services including better quality of signals, choice of channels, availability of multimedia services etc. With the completion of first three phases of digitization to a large extent, though the addressability, capacity and quality of signal have improved, issues relatéd to consumer choice, transparency and non-discrimination.

    Broadcasters want freedom to price their channels. Their contention is that since pricing at retail level is with distributors of television channels, the flexibility to maximise the revenue through advertisement and subscription fee has been compromised. News broadcasters, who primarily provide free-to- air (FTA) channels and have advertisements as only source of revenue, claim that many a time their channels at retail level are priced in such a manner that even pay channels are cheaper than their FTA channels. In the present framework distributors of television channels feel that they are totally dependent on effective negotiations with broadcasters for monetisation of their investment and due to non-transparency in the system, they end up at a loss while bargaining with the broadcasters.

    According to TRAI, subscribers feel that the pricing of channels is skewed resulting effectively in no choice of individual channels. They feel lack of transparency. Questions are raised time and again as to why same channel is priced so differently by different distribution platform operators.

    While prescribing the new regulatory framework, the TRAI has kept in mind the discussions in the Parliament on the motion for consideration of the Cable Television Networks (Regulation) Amendment Bill, 20 11, wherein the then Minister of Information and Broadcasting stated that TRAI would establish a system wherein consumers would be free to choose a-la- carte channels of choice and they would not be required to subscribe to bouquets.

    While framing this Tariff Order, the emphasis of the Authority has been to ensure transparency, non-discrimination, consumer protection and create an enabling environment for orderly growth of the sector. The new framework attempts to address all the issues raised by broadcasters, distributors of television channels and subscribers. The broadcasters will have to declare their channels as ‘Pay’ or Tree-to-Air’ (FTA). Broadcasters have been given complete flexibility to declare maximum retail price (MRP) of their pay channels to subscribers with no restrictions as long as such channels are provided to consumers individually. However, if a pay channel is provided as part of a bouquet, MRP of such pay channel cannot be more than Rs. 19/-. This is to ensure protection of interests of consumers as bouquet deals are oblique to individual channel prices. The new framework in no way restricts or curtails the freedom of broadcasters to price their channels. Provisions have also been made to ensure that no additional charges are levied for subscribing to FTA channels.

    The salient features of the Tariff Order are:

    • Broadcasters to declare maximum retail price (MRP) (excluding taxes) ), per month, of their a-la-carte pay channels for subscribers.
    • A broadcaster can also offer bouquets of its pay channels and declare MRP (excluding taxes) of bouquets for subscribers. However, MRP of such bouquets of pay channels will not be less than 85% of the sum of maximum retail price of the a-la-carte pay channels forming part of that bouquet.
    • Separate bouquet for pay channels and free-to-air channels.
    • Charges payable by a subscriber for distribution network capacity and channels have been separated.
    • The distribution network capacity required for initial one hundred Standard Definition (SD) channels can be availed by a subscriber by paying an amount, not exceeding, Rs. 130/- (excluding taxes) per month to the distributor of TV channels.
    • Within the capacity of 100 SD channels, apart from the channels to be mandatorily provided to subscribers as notified by the Central Government, a subscriber will be free to choose any free-to-air channel, pay channel, or bouquet of pay channels offered by the broadcasters or bouquet of pay channels offered by the distributor of television channels or bouquet of free-to-air channels offered by the distributor of television channels or a combination thereof.
    • No separate charges, other than the Network Capacity Fee, to be paid by the subscribers for subscribing to free-to-air channels or bouquet of free-to-air channels.
    • The additional capacity, beyond initial one hundred channels capacity, can be availed by a subscriber in the slabs of 25 SD channels each, by  paying an amount not exceeding Rs. 20/- per such slab, excluding taxes, per month.
    • Every distributor of television channels shall offer all channels available on its network to all subscribers on a-la-carte basis.
    • Every distributor of television channels shall declare distributor retail price of each pay channel and bouquet of pay channels payable by a subscriber:
    • A subscriber can choose a-la-carte channels of its choice.
    • Distributors of television channels are permitted to. form bouquets from a-la-carte pay channels and bouquet of pay channels of broadcasters. However, distributor retail price of such bouquets of pay channels shall not be less than 85 per cent of the sum of distributor retail prices of the a-la-carte pay channels and bouquets of pay channels of broadcasters forming part of that bouquet.
    • A subscriber has to pay separate charges, other than the Network Capacity Fee, for subscribing to pay channels or bouquet of pay channels.
    • Distributors of television channels have to offer at least one bouquet, referred to as basic service tier, of 100 free-to-air channels including all the mandatorily channels to be provided to the subscribers as notified by the Central Government. This bouquet will be one of the options available for subscription to customers. It will be the subscriber Who will be free to exercise his option.
    • Any pay channel having a-la-carte MRP of more than Rs 19/- per month (Excluding Taxes) shall not form part of any bouquet.

    Also Read:

    We believe the new cable TV tariff order will benefit everyone – Hathway Cable video CEO TS Panesar

    TRAI gets support from Subhash Chandra on inter-connect guidelines

    TRAI free to issue TV tariff, Star HC case disposal in 60 days

  • Star-Vijay Copyright case hearing next week, TRAI to file counter

    NEW DELHI: The petition under the Copyright Act in the Madras High Court challenging the jurisdiction of the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India is to be heard on 15 March 2017 as the regulator has sought more time to file a counter-affidavit in the matter.

    The time was also sought for more time as both Star India and Vijay TV amended their plaint and prayer in the light of the order of the in the light of the Supreme Court vacating the stay order earlier granted by the High Court. The Court had initially adjourned to 17 March but preponed it to 15 March as one counsel said he would not be available on 17 March.

    The broadcasters have pleaded that the regulator has no jurisdiction over matters relating to intellectual property rights.

    The Bench comprising Justice S Nagamuthu and Justice Anitha Sumanth was informed by All India Digital Cable Federation (AIDCF) counsel A L Sundaresan and Star counsel P S Raman about the proceedings in the appeal by TRAI in the apex court. TRAI was represented by P Wilson while Additional Solicitor General G Rajagopalan represented the Central Government.

    Even as TRAI objected to the amendment and sought time for a counter, AIDCF informed the court that the notification itself provides that the effective provisions will come into effect after 30 days from date of publication (or in some cases, more than 30 days), hence the stay should not be granted. AIDCF also submitted that even on merits, a stay ought not to be granted.

    AIDCF informed the Court that Star may be directed to furnish copies of all documents and pleadings filed, to which the judge orally informed the counsel for Star to furnish the same.

  • Cable TV price may reduce as TRAI issues tariff, QofS, interconnect regulations after SC nod

    MUMBAI: Cable TV prices are now expected to reduce after Telecom Regulatory Authority of India yesterday issued a series of orders relating to digital addressable systems.

    Broadcast carriage regulator TRAI had lined up a slew of guidelines relating to tariff, quality of service and interconnections, including proposing maximum retail price (MRP) for channels being bundled in genre-wise bouquets, freeing unbundled premium channels of  price caps and reining in the last mile cable operator (LCO) from breaching revenue-gravy trail.

    Sources in TRAI had indicated the regulator had favoured introducing MRP for TV channels that broadcasters offer in a bouquet to MSOs so the prices could be conveyed to a consumer in a transparent manner for him to make an empowered choice. Though broadcasting companies do submit annually a-la-carte rates of their respective channels to TRAI, the regulator was of the opinion that a consumer doesn’t ultimately get to choose the channel of his choice transparently.

    Following the green signal from the Supreme Court yesterday morning, TRAI issued a series of orders relating to digital addressable systems.

    Apart from the Tariff order which had been issued on 10 October last year, the regulator also issued the DAS Interconnect Regulations which had been issued on 14 October last year, and the Standards of Quality of Service and Consumer Protection (Digital Addressable Systems) Regulations which had been issued on 10 October last year.

    In separate press releases, TRAI said the three documents issued in October last year were in draft form. Earlier, the regulator had issued consultation papers on the issues and finalized the regulations after receiving responses from stakeholders and open house discussions, the final regulations have been issued. The regulations had been issued after However, a cursory glance shows that the regulator has stuck to its draft with some incidental changes.

    The orders can be seen at:

    http://trai.gov.in/sites/default/files/Tariff_Order_English_3%20March_2017.pdf

    http://www.trai.gov.in/sites/default/files/QOS_Regulation_03_03_2017.pdf

    http://www.trai.gov.in/sites/default/files/Interconnection_Regulation_03_mar_2917.pdf

    Earlier, both Star India and Vijay TV had filed a petition in Madras High Court under the Copyright Act on the ground that TRAI could not issue orders that would affect content but could only issue regulations relating to distribution and other matters.

    After the High Court stayed all orders issued by it, TRAI appealed to the Supreme Court which this morning said that TRAI was free to issue its orders. However, it said the case in the High Court would continue and would have to be completed within sixty days.

    Both channels were also given leave to amend their petitions in the event of TRAI issuing any orders.

    Also read:

    TRAI tariff & quality of services regulations

    TRAI issues comprehensive interconnect draft guidelines

    Offer Premium channels as a la carte, don’t bundle: TRAI

  • TRAI free to issue TV tariff, Star HC case disposal in 60 days

    NEW DELHI: Even as it permitted the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India to notify the tariff order and interconnect regulations for the broadcast sector, the Supreme Court asked the Madras High Court to dispose the original petition by Star India and Vijay TV within sixty days.

    The apex court said that the High Court could continue hearing the case, which is due to come up next week.

    However, it said that Star India was free to approach the court if it was aggrieved by the tariff order or any other action by TRAI in this matter. Star India could also amend the petition if needed in the event of a tariff order being issued.

    “Any new cause of action arising from notifying the regulation can be taken up before the high court,” the court said.

    Star India Pvt. Ltd and its subsidiary, Vijay Television Pvt. Ltd, had challenged the draft regulations before the Madras high court under the provisions of the Copyright Act and said Trai has no jurisdiction to regulate content.

    Star India counsel P Chidambaram said they have challenged Trai’s assumption of jurisdiction. “Trai can only regulate carriage and not content,” Chidambaram said.

    The bench of Justices P C Ghose and Rohinton F Nariman said Trai cannot seek an adjournment.

    Additional solicitor general Tushar Mehta told the court that the regulation will not come into effect immediately, which gives time for Star India to move the high court and seek a stay. “Some provisions will come into effect after 30 days but the important ones will only take effect after 180 days,” Mehta said.
    In the draft order issued in October 2016, Trai had proposed a new tariff framework for pricing and packaging of TV channels offered to subscribers, listing channel genres and a genre-wise ceiling on the channel prices.

    Indian Broadcasting Foundation and Videocon DTH counsel were also present at the hearing.

  • Diktat on coverage of anti-terrorism efforts & sharing sports feed with DD reiterated

    NEW DELHI: In an effort to remind television news channels about avoiding incorrect or provoking news, the Government repeated notifications issued by it earlier in regard to coverage of anti-terrorist activities, depiction of cruelty to animals, and coverage of sports events.

    The most recent notification of 17 January this year is a change under the Mandatory Sharing of Sporting signals by private channels with Doordarshan relating to sports of national importance.

    It seeks to cover other sports like Summer Olympics, Commonwealth Games, Asian Games, Special Olympics, Paralympics and events relating to tennis, Davis Cup-All matches featuring India; Grand Slam Tournaments (Finals of Men’s Singles, Women’s Singles and all matches featuring Indian player from quarter-finals onwards); and Grand Slam Tournaments (All such matches featuring Indian Player in men’s doubles, Women’s doubles or Mixed doubles from quarter-finals onwards), Hockey, World Cup (All matches featuring India and semi-finals and finals), Champions Trophy (All matches featuring India and finals); and Indira Gandhi Gold Cup for Women-Semi-finals and finals; Football; World Cup – Opening match, semi-finals and finals; Asia Cup – All matches featuring India and semi-finals and finals; and Santosh Trophy – Semi-finals and finals.

    http://mib.nic.in/writereaddata/documents/Notification_dated_27.1.2017.pdf

    The notification about depiction of cruelty to animals is dated 19 August last year: http://mib.nic.in/writereaddata/documents/Notification_dated_19.8.2016.pdf

    The recent events in Tamil Nadu and Karnataka relating to traditional folk sports relating to animals has made this repetition necessary, a Ministry source told indiantelevision.com.

    The third is about coverage of anti-terrorist activities and is dated 21 March 2015: http://mib.nic.in/writereaddata/documents/Notification_dated_21.03.2015.pdf

    After the Mumbai terrorist attacks of 25 November 2008, both the government and self-regulatory bodies had issued guidelines about coverage of anti-terrorist activities in the wake of public outcry.

    The recent events in Kashmir with stoning of police forces have led to further outcry in other parts of the country.

  • TRAI & FCC sign LoI on accelerating broadband deployment & aligning spectrum policy

    MUMBAI: The Federal Communications Commission (FCC, U.S.) has taken an important step to strengthen its relationship with one of its foreign regulatory counterparts, the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI).

    During a meeting on the sidelines of the GSMA Mobile World Congress in Barcelona, Spain, FCC chairman Pai and TRAI chairman R.S. Sharma signed a Letter of Intent (LoI) for cooperation between the two agencies. The non-binding agreement sets out a framework for the mutually beneficial exchange of ideas through activities such as best practices sharing, bilateral workshops, and digital video conferences.

    To guide these efforts, the FCC and TRAI have determined topics of shared interest, including accelerating broadband deployment and aligning spectrum policy to meet increasing mobile broadband demand.

    FCC chairman Pai said, “I look forward to working with Chairman Sharma and his staff as both of our agencies strive to promote innovation, investment, and growth in communications technologies in order to bring digital opportunity to all of our people.”

    Given the broader bilateral partnership between the United States and India, the FCC has long engaged with Indian counterparts on issues of telecommunication regulatory policy. The new agreement reinforces the ongoing positive working relationship between the FCC and TRAI and identifies opportunities for further collaboration in an increasingly interconnected world.

    Earlier, in a report from the MIB (India), the government admitted that digital cable TV networks were vital infrastructure for penetration of broadband through which e-government services could be deployed.

    According to the latest telecom subscription up to 31 December 2016 released by TRAI, Indian consumers quickly got over the demonetisation hiccup – at least as far as subscribing to mobile broadband, and dongles are concerned. Growth at 8.89 per cent has come back in the December month with the total number of mobile broadband subscribers rising to 217.36 million from 199.61 million subs earlier.

    This increase has come about primarily due to Reliance Jio’s relentless drive to build a user base: it had 72.16 million mobile broadband users, whereas Bharti Airtel (43.56 million), Vodafone (35.02 million), Idea Cellular (27.04 million), and BSNL (20.36 million) followed. The top five Indian service providers constituted 83.93 percent market share of the total broadband subscribers at the end of Dec-16.

    Also Read:

    MIB report: 50% digital STBs seeded during DAS’ first three phases

    TRAI data: Mobile b’band subs get over DeMon in December 2016

    Jio juggernaut rolls on, wired segment wobbles

  • FM auction: Govt nets Rs 2 bn, ENIL wins 21 channels

    MUMBAI: A cumulative provisional Rs 2,002.4 million was earned against the aggregate reserve price of about Rs 9,159.1 million from e-auction of 66 FM channels in 48 cities in the second batch of Phase III.

    According to an announcement of the Information and Broadcasting Ministry on 27 February, 266 FM channels had been shortlisted but only 66 channels made it to the winning list. ENIL (Entertainment Network India Limited) won the maximum number with 21 channels in different cities and bid for total of Rs 480.9 million.

    Interestingly, only two channels received bids of more than Rs 100 million as compared to 12 channels in the first batch. Kal Radio Ltd’s Hyderabad station bid a winning price is Rs 23,43,48,266 and South Asia FM Ltd’s Dehradun station had a winning price of Rs 15,61,00,590.

    Sambhaav Media Ltd won two stations in Jammu and Kashmir for Rs 5,00,000 each at Kathua and Leh. JCL India Ltd’s bagged stations in Kargil and Leh for Rs 5,00,000 each. South Asia FM Ltd’s won a station at Leh with Rs 5,00,000.

    Stations in four north eastern cities were bagged in the e-auction. Of these, three went to Purvy Broadcast Pvt Ltd: Aizwal for Rs 20,09,444, Dhubri for Rs 5,00,000, and Itanagar for Rs 43,72,914. Agartala went to South Asia FM Ltd for Rs 70,71,529.

    Read the full story here:

    Govt gets over Rs two billion from 66 FM stations in second batch Phase III