ITV

Category: iWorld

  • Amit Sobti takes charge as president of Humans of Bombay

    Amit Sobti takes charge as president of Humans of Bombay

    MUMBAI: Amit Sobti has been appointed president at Humans of Bombay, the storytelling platform that has built a loyal following with its human interest narratives. In his new role, Sobti will oversee company operations and strategy, with a mandate to drive profitability, expand partnerships and monetise original IPs.

    Sobti, a revenue architect with two decades across digital media and corporate strategy, most recently served as chief revenue officer at Fork Media group, where he spent over 11 years scaling businesses, creating branded content ecosystems and building new revenue streams.

    Earlier, he held senior roles at Media Pro, JSW Ispat Steel and Reliance Broadcast, contributing to high stakes strategy, marketing innovations and large scale partnerships. Known for designing playbooks that blend innovation with legacy, Sobti says his focus now lies in building consumer first growth models.

    At Humans of Bombay, industry watchers expect Sobti to marry commercial acumen with the platform’s storytelling ethos, as it looks to expand both reach and revenues.

  • Munaf Merchant takes charge as head of revenue & partnerships at Bullet

    Munaf Merchant takes charge as head of revenue & partnerships at Bullet

    MUMBAI: Munaf Merchant has joined Bullet, the fledgling micro-drama OTT platform, as head of revenue & partnerships. He steps into the role after a near four-year run at Associated Broadcasting Co. (TV9), where he most recently served as senior vice president – revenue digital.

    Merchant, a dealmaker with a reputation for scaling ad sales across print, digital and broadcast, cut his teeth at India Today before a long innings at Network18. At the latter, he held posts ranging from regional sales head west to national sales head for brand solutions and convergence.

    Known for his flair in closing cross-media deals and boosting PSU revenues by over 50 per cent in his India Today days, Merchant now faces the challenge of building a revenue engine for Bullet as it looks to carve a niche in India’s crowded streaming market.

  • Global broadband subs hit 1.52 billion as fibre dominates

    Global broadband subs hit 1.52 billion as fibre dominates

    MUMBAI: Global broadband subscribers surged past 1.52 billion in the first quarter of 2025, marking a 1.21 per cent quarterly rise as South and East Asia drove expansion, according to Point Topic data. Yet the picture remains patchy, with 22 countries—up from 14 in the previous quarter—seeing subscriber numbers fall as consumers shift to mobile broadband or grapple with economic headwinds and market saturation.

    India topped the largest 20 fixed broadband markets with a blistering 4.7 per cent quarterly growth rate, whilst Britain stood out as an outlier, suffering a 0.3 per cent decline as fibre rollout failed to offset broader connection losses.

    Fibre-to-the-home and building connections now command 72.34 per cent of global fixed broadband subscriptions, cementing the technology’s dominance. Other fixed technologies saw their market shares shrink, bar satellite and fixed wireless access, which bucked the trend with spectacular annual growth of 47.4 per cent and 29.9 per cent respectively.

    The satellite boom was largely driven by Starlink breaching the 5 million customer mark, though growth has slowed due to capacity constraints and pricing pressures. Competition is set to intensify as Amazon’s Project Kuiper prepares for launch by year-end, with Britain expected among the first markets to go live following Ofcom approvals. Residential plans currently start at around £75 monthly.

    Fixed wireless access is reshaping rural connectivity, particularly in America and India, with aggressive investments from Reliance, Bharti, T-Mobile, Verizon and AT&T driving adoption.

    Industry consolidation is accelerating, with potential mega-deals including Charter’s merger with Cox in America and a possible carve-up of France’s SFR among Orange, Bouygues and Iliad. Meanwhile, sub-Saharan Africa represents untapped potential, attracting significant infrastructure investment targeting broadband expansion.

  • Airtel Q1 profit jumps to Rs 5,948 crore, adds 1.5 crore new users

    Airtel Q1 profit jumps to Rs 5,948 crore, adds 1.5 crore new users

    MUMBAI: Talk about a strong connection Bharti Airtel has come in loud and clear this quarter. The telco rang in a consolidated net profit of Rs 5,948 crore for Q1 FY26, marking a solid 104 per cent year-on-year jump from Rs 2,925 crore in Q1 FY25. The growth came on the back of higher subscriber additions, a healthy operating margin, and steady performance across its India and Africa businesses.

    Revenue from operations for the quarter ended June 30, 2025, stood at Rs 49,463 crore, rising 28.5 per cent year-on-year and 3.3 per cent sequentially. Consolidated EBITDA came in at Rs 28,167 crore, up 41.2 per cent YoY, with the EBITDA margin remaining strong at 56.9 per cent.

    Calling all metrics here’s the lowdown:

    . EBIT stood at Rs 15,621 crore, a 67 per cent YoY rise, with margins improving to 31.6 per cent.

    . Profit before tax increased 98.6 per cent YoY to Rs 10,504 crore.

    . India mobile services revenue clocked in at Rs 27,396 crore in Q1 FY26 versus Rs 22,527 crore last year.

    . Africa mobile services brought in Rs 12,083 crore, up from Rs 9,637 crore YoY.

    . Homes services (broadband) contributed Rs 1,718 crore, and

    .  Digital TV services fetched Rs 762 crore.

     . Airtel Business, its B2B arm, generated Rs 5,057 crore.

    Subscriber base rings in growth:
    The company added 1.5 crore customers during the quarter, taking its total global base to 60.5 crore subscribers, a 6.7 per cent YoY increase. Of these, India accounted for 43.6 crore users, up 6.6 per cent, and Africa stood at 16.9 crore, growing 9 per cent.

    Margins and metrics dial up too:

    . Operating margin: 31.1 per cent (vs 23.8 per cent YoY)

    .  Net profit margin: 15.0 per cent (vs 12.3 per cent YoY)

    . Debt-to-equity: Improved to 0.80 (from 1.21 YoY)

    .  Interest coverage ratio: Rose to 6.35x (from 4.74x)

    . Basic earnings per share: Rs 10.26 (vs Rs 7.21 YoY)

    . Net worth: Rs 11,79,009 million

    Segment-wise, Passive Infrastructure Services revenue surged to Rs 8,091 crore, reflecting growth from its Indus Towers investment, while Airtel Business remained resilient despite a slight sequential dip.

    Standalone net profit was Rs 3,765 crore in Q1, with revenue at Rs 29,249 crore. The company maintained a healthy standalone EBITDA of Rs 17,177 crore and net profit margins of 12.9 per cent.

    Airtel has not only tightened its financial grip but also expanded its user base proving it’s not just chasing signals, but setting benchmarks.
     

  • Seeking legal guidance: sources and solutions you can count on

    Seeking legal guidance: sources and solutions you can count on

    There are many life situations where you might have to seek legal guidance. Divorce, prenuptial agreements, estate planning, business formation, contract disputes, personal injuries, and criminal charges are just some of the instances where obtaining appropriate legal advice is necessary or even mandatory.  

    However, if you’ve never found yourself in any of these situations, you might not know where to turn to for help. Should you go straight to a lawyer or do legal research on your own? The type and level of assistance you require largely depends on the nature of the issue you’re experiencing and the degree of legal literacy you possess. For example, if you’re facing criminal charges or you’re involved in a complicated lawsuit, hiring an attorney to advise and represent you in court is the smartest thing to do. But if you’re merely seeking general information or you’re dealing with a simple legal procedure, then you might not need legal representation, and a quick search online can provide you with all the info you require.

    Whatever the case might be, it’s good to know your options, so if you’ve ever met with a situation that has legal implications and you’re not sure what to do about it, you’ll know where to look for support. So, let’s have a look at the possibilities. Some of them are free or low-cost, while for others you’ll have to pay quite a hefty sum, with fees varying from case to case.

    Citizens Advice

    If you want to benefit from free legal advice on a wide variety of issues, Citizens Advice is a good place to start. This is an independent network of charities dedicated to providing free and confidential legal advice to those who need it. The purpose of the organisation is to equip everyone with knowledge of their legal rights and responsibilities, so they can navigate the legal landscape more easily and confidently.

    If you have questions regarding benefits, financial management, consumer rights, work-related issues, housing, or family matters, Citizens Advice can answer your queries and offer the support you require. The service is available in over 3,400 community locations, so you can go to one of their branches and talk to an advisor in person. However, if you can’t travel, they also provide advice online or over the phone.

    Law centres

    Similar to Citizens Advice, law centres are charities where solicitors and other legal professionals provide free advice and even representation in certain cases. Their services are mostly aimed at helping individuals or groups with limited financial means or who are vulnerable and socially disadvantaged.

    Law centres specialise in various legal matters, such as housing, employment, welfare benefits, immigration and asylum, discrimination, family law, debt, community care, education, and mental health. Through their work, law centres aim to make access to legal advice and justice available to everyone, regardless of their background or financial situation.

    Solicitors

    Solicitors are obviously the best people to go to for legal advice, given their specialised knowledge and expertise in different areas of the law. Therefore, if you’re planning to go to a solicitor for guidance and assistance, you first need to determine under which category of the law your issue falls and then search for a professional with the necessary specialisation.

    People are often reluctant to work with a solicitor because their fees can be quite restrictive. If you worry you won’t be able to cover these fees, look for solicitors that work on a no win no fee basis, so you can benefit from assistance free of charge. These types of services are available in most countries. In the UK, for example, legal professionals at https://www.legalexpert.co.uk/ can provide free legal advice on claiming compensation for damages caused by road traffic accidents, work accidents, data breaches, medical negligence, and other such issues.  

    Legal aid

    Legal aid is a government-funded program administered by the Legal Aid Agency in England and Wales that helps people who cannot afford to pay for legal advice, representation in court or tribunal, or family mediation to cover the costs for these services.

    To get legal aid, individuals generally have to show that their financial situation doesn’t allow them to cover the costs for legal advice and that their case falls within the scope of legally aided services. In some situations, applicants may also have to demonstrate that their case has a good probability of success. Legal aid is usually available for certain types of cases, such as criminal cases, family law matters (including domestic violence and child protection), immigration cases, and some welfare benefit appeals.

    Online resources

    The online space has made access to legal advice and resources easier than ever before. There are plenty of websites that provide accurate and reliable information on all sorts of topics and can put you in contact with legal aid providers. Many of these sites also allow individuals to ask legal questions online.

    However, you need to be careful which sites you get your information from. Not all online sources are created equal, and some may provide inaccurate, outdated, or even misleading information, which can confuse you and even cause you to make the wrong decisions.  To make sure you’re not ill-advised, you should prioritise official government websites, reputable legal organisations, and those maintained by established law firms.Be wary of sites that promise quick legal solutions for a fee, especially if they don’t offer clear information about their sources or qualifications.

    Pro bono services

    Pro bono legal services are provided free of charge to individuals or organisations that lack the financial means to pay for them. This involves lawyers or law firms offering their expertise to help those in need, such as low-income individuals, non-profits, or those involved in public interest cases.

    Usually, lawyers or law firms engage in pro bono work voluntarily, though some jurisdictions may encourage or require a certain amount of pro bono service annually. You can find pro bono lawyers through law clinics or by contacting organisations directly.    
     

  • IAMAI announces new leadership for Digital Gaming Committee

    IAMAI announces new leadership for Digital Gaming Committee

    MUMBAI: The Internet and Mobile Association of India [IAMAI] announced the appointment of Bhavit Sheth, co-founder & COO of Dream Sports (Dream11), as the new chairman of its Digital Gaming Committee. Nikhil Bansal, Industry Head – Gaming & eServices at Google has been appointed as the co-chairman of the Committee.

    Sheth and Bansal takes over the leadership from Bhavin Pandya, co-founder, Games 24X7, who served as a chairman of the committee and Dilsher Malhi, founder and CEO, Zupee, and Ankush Gera, co-founder & CEO, Junglee Games, as co-chairs of the committee.

    The IAMAI Digital Gaming Committee represents the interest of India’s rapidly growing digital gaming ecosystem, which includes game developers, platforms, technology providers, and service partners. The committee plays a pivotal role in driving dialogue with policymakers, advocating for responsible gaming, and supporting the sustainable growth of the sector.

    Bhavit Sheth, with his deep experience in building one of India’s largest sports technology companies, brings valuable insights into entrepreneurship, user engagement, and industry advocacy. Nikhil Bansal, through his role at Google, brings a global perspective on digital gaming trends, monetization strategies, and regulatory best practices.

    On his appointment, Sheth said: “It’s an honour to take on the role of Chairman of IAMAI’s Digital Gaming Committee. The sector has immense potential to drive innovation, create jobs, and contribute to the vision of Digital India. I look forward to working closely with industry peers and policymakers to promote responsible gaming and build a sustainable ecosystem that benefits players, creators, and the broader community.”

    Bansal said, “I’m excited to join as co-chairman of IAMAI’s Digital Gaming Committee and collaborate with stakeholders to unlock new opportunities for growth. India’s gaming landscape is evolving rapidly, and by fostering dialogue, best practices, and innovation, we can help shape an inclusive and thriving industry that delivers great experiences for millions of gamers.”

  • Airtel’s digital arm Xtelify launches ‘Airtel Cloud’

    Airtel’s digital arm Xtelify launches ‘Airtel Cloud’

    MUMBAI: Xtelify, a fully-owned subsidiary of Bharti Airtel (‘Airtel’) housing all of Airtel’s digital assets and capabilities, launched a sovereign, telco-grade cloud platform – ‘Airtel Cloud’. Tailored to handle 140 crore transactions per minute for Airtel’s own use in India, this sovereign cloud platform is now being extended to meet the ever-evolving needs of businesses in India. Hosted on next-gen sustainable data centres, with Gen-AI based provisioning, and managed by 300 certified cloud experts, the highly secure and reliable Airtel Cloud offers IaaS, PaaS and advanced connectivity and guarantees secure migration, effortless scaling, lower costs and no vendor lock-ins.

    Xtelify also launched an AI-powered, future-ready software platform that will help telcos all around the world rid themselves of underlying complexity, improve customer experience, lower churn and raise ARPU. Addressing every layer of the telecom value chain, the solution comes with a converged data engine for AI led insights and intelligence at scale, a Workforce platform for real time task streamlining and an experience platform for managing every element of the customer journey for a telco.

    Xtelify signed three global partnerships for the newly launched platform.

    1. With Singtel, Xtelify will deploy an enterprise-grade, plug-and-play transformative platform – ‘Xtelify Work’ equipping Singtel’s field teams in Singapore with AI-powered capabilities like fleet optimization, automated task management and real-time tracking and governance that will enhance their productivity.

    2.  With Globe Telecom, Xtelify will deploy its cutting edge, next-generation, AI-powered customer services platform – ‘Xtelify Serve’ in Philippines. This will help Globe Telecom in elevating it’s customer experience at scale through omni-channel service assurance, streamline business processes and intelligent data-driven operations.

    3.  With Airtel Africa, Xtelify will provide its software platforms, which includes Data Engine, Work and IQ. Deploying Xtelify Data Engine and Xtelify Work will empower Airtel Africa’s 150K-strong field team across 14 countries with market insights for micro-targeted strategies and unlock critical use cases like spam and fraud protection for their customers across Africa. Xtelify IQ will enable secure, real-time, omnichannel customer engagement, enhancing both service quality and customer experience.

    Gopal Vittal, Vice Chairman and MD  ̶  Bharti Airtel, said, “It is a very pivotal moment in our history as we take our world class, home grown platforms of Airtel Cloud and software solutions to businesses in India and telcos all over the world. We are privileged to have signed on partnerships with three top tier companies already – Singtel, Globe Telecom and Airtel Africa.”

    “Within Airtel, we have been actively harnessing digital innovations at unmatched scale to transform our services and enhance customer experience at Airtel for many years now. This has involved powering over 590 million customer touchpoints and solving some of the most complex telecom challenges in the world. All this is enabled by Airtel Cloud where all our applications run at a very compelling cost. Today, we are also excited to take our telco-grade, sovereign-cloud platform and help businesses in India innovate faster, scale smarter and stay secure in today’s rapidly-evolving digital landscape. All controls of our cloud will reside strictly within the country ensuring zero possibility of any entity outside India being able to access any part of this data or its working”, Vittal added.

    Singtel Singapore CEO Ng Tian Chong said: “We are always looking for ways to better equip our field engineers so we can deliver the best possible experiences to our customers. This platform enables us to reimagine our workflows with AI at the core, improving both efficiency and customer service. By optimising dispatch and resource management, our engineers can reach customers more quickly, resolve issues with greater accuracy and reduce our overall carbon footprint. We’re also able to enhance productivity, strengthen governance, and ultimately deliver more value to our customers.”

    Globe Telecom president and CEO Carl Cruz said, “At Globe, our North Star has always been our deep desire to help uplift the lives of Filipinos by creating meaningful, reliable, and human-centered experiences. This partnership with Airtel and Xtelify is a bold step forward in that aspiration, empowering us to serve our customers with greater empathy, intelligence, and speed. By integrating Xtelify’s AI-powered Case Management Platform into our operations, we bring to life our commitment to best-in-class service across every journey, from the first touchpoint to final resolution. This transformation enables a more seamless and transparent experience for our customers, where concerns are addressed with clarity, accountability, and genuine care.”

    “We are proud to collaborate with Airtel and Xtelify, two like-minded partners equally committed to raising the bar for customer experience globally. Together, we are not just launching a platform, we are building a new standard for service excellence, one that helps bring our shared vision of a more admired and more customer-centric telco to life,” Cruz added.

    “We are excited to have Xtelify as a core technology partner, enabling us to deliver meaningful digital advancements and enriching the lives of millions across Africa,” said Airtel Africa group chief information officer, Jacques Barkhuizen.
     

  • Realme Hip Hop India Season 2 becomes India’s #1 reality show of 2025

    Realme Hip Hop India Season 2 becomes India’s #1 reality show of 2025

    MUMBAI: Amazon MX Player’s Realme Hip Hop India Season 2 has cemented its place as the country’s biggest unscripted success story of the year. As per Ormax Media’s latest ranking of the Top 50 OTT Originals for H1 2025, the show emerged as India’s most-watched reality series, and the only one to trend for 11 consecutive weeks on Ormax’s weekly list of top OTT web shows.

    Season 2 brought India’s underground hip-hop dance movement into the mainstream with over 25 million unique viewers tuning in to witness raw talent, breakout performances, and deeply personal journeys. The series was anchored by judges Remo D’Souza and Malaika Arora, and amplified with appearances by leading personalities including Rajkummar Rao, Abhishek Bachchan, Raftaar, Sara Ali Khan, Munawar Faruqui, Aditya Roy Kapur, and Rohit Shetty, making it one of the most high-profile reality shows of the year. The finale crowned Shubhankar Gawde as India’s second hip-hop dance champion, capping off a season that redefined youth entertainment.

    Speaking on the show’s success, Karan Bedi, Head, Amazon MX Player, said: ‘Hip Hop India Season 2 stood at the intersection of culture, content, and commerce. It brought a powerful subculture into the mainstream and gave brands a credible, high-engagement platform to connect with young India. The response has been phenomenal both in terms of viewership and brand resonance.’

    The show raised the bar for branded content integrations and co-marketing at scale. Alongside title sponsor Realme, brands like Sprite, Tuborg, Pokémon, Spotify, and SpiceJet joined the movement in highly engaging ways. From innovative in-show integrations, immersive media ads, on-site and social media led gamification, to in-flight co-branding, Pokémon-themed dance acts, Spotify playlist integrations, the show created a high-impact ecosystem where brand narratives blended seamlessly with cultural moments.

    Echoing the sentiment, Amazon MX Player director and head of content, Amogh Dusad added, ‘With Realme Hip Hop India Season 2, we set out to showcase hip-hop not just as a dance form, but as a cultural voice. This season’s response proves that authenticity, when paired with relevance, wins big. We’re proud to see the franchise has become both a fan obsession and a brand magnet.’

  • Flipkart’s influencer army hits it out of the e-park in sale season

    Flipkart’s influencer army hits it out of the e-park in sale season

    MUMBAI: This Independence Day, the real fireworks aren’t just in the skies, they’re lighting up Instagram, Youtube, and your Reels tab. In a head-turning report released by influencer marketing SaaS platform Klugklug, Flipkart and Amazon’s contrasting influencer strategies for their big sales reveal two vastly different playbooks and one clear early leader.

    On Day One of the festive e-commerce face-off, Flipkart appears to be “batting bigger”, deploying influencers at three times the scale of Amazon. Flipkart commanded 75.89 per cent of the influencers and 71.01 per cent of total posts, while Amazon trailed with 24.11 per cent of influencers and 28.99 per cent of posts.

    But while Flipkart is flooding the field with content, Amazon is playing the precision game.

    “The Independence Day sales are a battleground for e-commerce and brands,” said Klugklug co-founder & CEO Kalyan Kumar. “Flipkart’s aggressive, high-volume influencer deployment strategy is clearly leading in terms of reach and overall engagement at this stage.”

    Indeed, Flipkart’s influencer army is delivering big on reach and engagement. The platform’s creators garnered a whopping 136.91 million views, 1.56 million likes, 423.19K comments, and 31.4K shares adding up to a massive 2.02 million in total engagement.

    Amazon’s numbers, while more modest, point to a different kind of victory. The platform clocked 11.73 million total views, with 806.07K likes, 226.5K comments, and 16.89K shares, totalling 1.05 million engagements. However, its overall engagement rate was a notable 3.02 per cent, more than double Flipkart’s 1.32 per cent.

    “Amazon is demonstrating a more surgical approach,” explained Klugklug co-founder & CPO Vaibhav Gupta. “While their influencer deployment is smaller, their engagement rates are higher driven by mega-influencers. Flipkart, meanwhile, is casting a wider net, creating a splashy buzz with a mass rollout.”

    Flipkart’s biggest win seems to lie with its nano to macro influencers, who are showing solid engagement. The platform’s nano creators saw an impressive 4.70 per cent engagement rate, while Amazon’s mega influencers delivered a strong 3.50 per cent.

    However, when it comes to mega influencers, Flipkart is steamrolling the competition. These top-tier content creators alone generated 121.64 million views for Flipkart, dwarfing Amazon’s combined 10.77 million views from mega influencers and 11.98 million views from macro influencers.

    The numbers reflect the sheer difference in scale: Flipkart has gone all in, while Amazon is strategically picking its bets.

    “Both strategies have merit,” said Gupta. “It will be fascinating to see which proves more effective as the sale progresses big splash or deep connect?”

    As the sale rolls on, the scoreboard is far from final. But if the first day is anything to go by, Flipkart is swinging for the fences while Amazon is quietly building innings. Either way, the real winner is your feed, which is now a cricket field of commerce.

  • CoinSwitch Launches ‘Block by Block’

    CoinSwitch Launches ‘Block by Block’

    MUMBAI: CoinSwitch has announced the launch of ‘Block by Block’, a national-level paper presentation competition focused on Virtual Digital Assets (VDAs). The initiative, launched in partnership with India’s leading law firm Trilegal, and The Centre for Technology, Entertainment and Sports Law at NUJS Kolkata, aims to engage law and public policy students in shaping India’s future regulatory landscape for VDAs.

    The competition challenges students to develop innovative, practical policy proposals on the regulation of VDAs in India. Participants are invited to submit papers on the theme: “A Policy Approach for Regulation of Virtual Digital Assets/Crypto assets to Foster the Growth of a New Asset Class in India.”

    “At CoinSwitch, we believe that responsible innovation requires collaboration between industry, academia, and policymakers. ‘Block by Block’ is our effort to create a platform where the next generation of legal and policy minds can contribute meaningfully to India’s growing ecosystem. As Web3 continues to evolve, it’s crucial that we build the ecosystem thoughtfully and we believe students have a big role to play in that journey,” said CoinSwitch co-founder Ashish Singhal.

    The competition provides a rare opportunity for students to work on real-world policy challenges in collaboration with leading industry and legal experts. Unlike most academic competitions, ‘Block by Block’ is backed by active industry participation offering both credibility and visibility to participants.  

    “As a centre committed to the study of law and emerging technologies, we’re proud to collaborate on ‘Block by Block’ a platform that gives students the chance to work on real-world challenges related to digital asset regulation. Initiatives like this not only promote academic rigour but also prepare our students to become active contributors to the future of tech policy in India,” added Dr. Shameek Sen, Professor, The Centre for Technology, Entertainment and Sports Law at NUJS Kolkata.

    “We believe in contributing to the development of progressive legal thought-leadership on emerging technologies including digital assets. We are excited to partner with CoinSwitch for this initiative that encourages future lawyers and policymakers to engage and help shape the legal discourse around this evolving asset class,” said Trilegal partner Jaideep Reddy.

    The competition officially launched on July 25, 2025, with entries open for 6 weeks until September 10, 2025. Submissions, limited to a maximum of 5,000 words (excluding footnotes), will be evaluated on key parameters including originality and novelty, research and evidence, analytical rigor, clarity of structure, and adherence to formatting guidelines. The competition also allows for co-authorship, with up to two individuals permitted per entry.