Category: Multi System Operators

  • Shareholders to meet on 15 Oct for Hathway demerger approval

    Shareholders to meet on 15 Oct for Hathway demerger approval

    MUMBAI: The court has convened meeting of Hathway Cable and Datacom Ltd equity shareholders and Hathway Broadband Private Limited and their respective shareholders and creditors on 15 October, 2016, in Mumbai.

    The meeting is for the purpose of considering and, if thought fit, approving with or without modification(s), the demerger of the broadband business of Hathway Cable and its transfer to Hathway Broadband, Ajay Singh, head, legal, company secretary and chief compliance officer, at Hathway Cable, stated in a communiqué to the BSE and the NSE.

    The court appointed Jagdiskumar G. Pillai, Hathway Cable managing director and CEO, to be the chairman of the said meeting. The voting period begins on 11 0ctober, 2016 , at 10.00 am and ends on Friday, 14 0ctober, 2016, at 5.00 pm. Himanshu S. Kamdar, practicing company secretary, has been appointed as the scrutinizer. The results shall be declared on 17 0ctober, 2016.

    The proposed demerger of the ISP Business (defined below) from Hathway Cable to Hathway Broadband may happen upon payment of Rs. 98.05 crore by the latter to the former. The plan is to demerge the ISP Business from Hathway Cable and transfer it to vest in Hathway Broadband.

    Hathway Cable is a multi-system operator (MSO) engaged in the business of distribution of television channels. Hathway Broadband is a private limited company incorporated under the Companies Act, and a wholly owned subsidiary of Hathway Cable.

  • Shareholders to meet on 15 Oct for Hathway demerger approval

    Shareholders to meet on 15 Oct for Hathway demerger approval

    MUMBAI: The court has convened meeting of Hathway Cable and Datacom Ltd equity shareholders and Hathway Broadband Private Limited and their respective shareholders and creditors on 15 October, 2016, in Mumbai.

    The meeting is for the purpose of considering and, if thought fit, approving with or without modification(s), the demerger of the broadband business of Hathway Cable and its transfer to Hathway Broadband, Ajay Singh, head, legal, company secretary and chief compliance officer, at Hathway Cable, stated in a communiqué to the BSE and the NSE.

    The court appointed Jagdiskumar G. Pillai, Hathway Cable managing director and CEO, to be the chairman of the said meeting. The voting period begins on 11 0ctober, 2016 , at 10.00 am and ends on Friday, 14 0ctober, 2016, at 5.00 pm. Himanshu S. Kamdar, practicing company secretary, has been appointed as the scrutinizer. The results shall be declared on 17 0ctober, 2016.

    The proposed demerger of the ISP Business (defined below) from Hathway Cable to Hathway Broadband may happen upon payment of Rs. 98.05 crore by the latter to the former. The plan is to demerge the ISP Business from Hathway Cable and transfer it to vest in Hathway Broadband.

    Hathway Cable is a multi-system operator (MSO) engaged in the business of distribution of television channels. Hathway Broadband is a private limited company incorporated under the Companies Act, and a wholly owned subsidiary of Hathway Cable.

  • Pay-TV in vital stage; service providers must innovate: Study

    Pay-TV in vital stage; service providers must innovate: Study

    SINGAPORE: Pay-TV has entered a period of significant change. Competition is set to increase dramatically, and, in order to grow, service providers will have to innovate strongly.
    Nagra, a Kudelski Group (SIX:KUD.S) company and the world’s leading independent provider of content protection and multi-screen television solutions, in partnership with MTM, has published the global learnings from the Pay-TV Innovation Forum. Findings from the Asia Pacific leg of the programme were released last month.

    According to the global findings, industry participants strongly believe that pay-TV, while still growing worldwide, has entered a period of significant change, creating both challenges and opportunities. 83% of executives stated that competition is set to increase dramatically and 78% agreed that in order to grow, service providers will have to innovate strongly over the next five years. However, the state of innovation varies by region. North American pay-TV service providers are notable for their innovation capabilities, offering the most advanced and diversified product and service portfolios. In comparison, pay-TV markets in Asia Pacific are much more fragmented, with market characteristics and service-providers’ innovation capabilities varying substantially by territory.

    Looking forward, executives cited strengthening their core pay-TV platform by going beyond traditional services as their main area of opportunity by focusing on multiscreen/TV everywhere services (76 per cent), new types of content (74 per cent), and new content pricing and packaging strategies (73 per cent). Just over half of executives also see opportunities in advance advertising and data (54 per cent), as well as standalone OTT services (53 per cent).

    Identifying opportunities for innovation globally, the research notes that many service providers have already started investing in new growth areas. North American providers, for example, see a significant commercial opportunity in new forms of content that appeal to Millennials and Generation Z such as digital-first short-form content, on-boarding of third-party OTT services, virtual reality, and gaming. Some European and Asia Pacific pay-TV service providers also see value in providing OTT or gaming services on their pay-TV platforms, particularly through partnerships. Only a smaller number of large scale operators currently address business adjacencies such as advanced advertising and Internet of Things (IoT).

    The research also identifies four major innovation success factors for the industry including strong customer and market insight, having the right platforms and processes, as well as strategic and collaborative partnerships with best-of-breed technology suppliers and content companies.

    “As broadband becomes more ubiquitous in several markets, competition from streaming media platforms intensifies and consumer TV and video journeys evolve, it is clear that the industry needs to innovate at a faster pace to satisfy its customers and remain relevant,” said Simon Trudelle, Senior Product Marketing Director for NAGRA. “Thanks to the work of the Pay-TV Innovation Forum, we now have a global view of the state of innovation around the world and a foundation of key learnings to ensure future success and growth for pay-TV service providers.”

    “The pay-TV industry is a global success story,” said Jon Watts, Managing Partner at MTM. “Despite some regional differences, the majority of executives expect to continue innovating around their core pay-TV services, improving user experience and developing new ways to price and package content, bringing new kinds of content onto their TV platforms, and continuing to invest in multiscreen offerings. The research programme also shows that successful service providers have focused strongly on developing their innovation capabilities, enabling them to adapt to new market conditions.”

  • Pay-TV in vital stage; service providers must innovate: Study

    Pay-TV in vital stage; service providers must innovate: Study

    SINGAPORE: Pay-TV has entered a period of significant change. Competition is set to increase dramatically, and, in order to grow, service providers will have to innovate strongly.
    Nagra, a Kudelski Group (SIX:KUD.S) company and the world’s leading independent provider of content protection and multi-screen television solutions, in partnership with MTM, has published the global learnings from the Pay-TV Innovation Forum. Findings from the Asia Pacific leg of the programme were released last month.

    According to the global findings, industry participants strongly believe that pay-TV, while still growing worldwide, has entered a period of significant change, creating both challenges and opportunities. 83% of executives stated that competition is set to increase dramatically and 78% agreed that in order to grow, service providers will have to innovate strongly over the next five years. However, the state of innovation varies by region. North American pay-TV service providers are notable for their innovation capabilities, offering the most advanced and diversified product and service portfolios. In comparison, pay-TV markets in Asia Pacific are much more fragmented, with market characteristics and service-providers’ innovation capabilities varying substantially by territory.

    Looking forward, executives cited strengthening their core pay-TV platform by going beyond traditional services as their main area of opportunity by focusing on multiscreen/TV everywhere services (76 per cent), new types of content (74 per cent), and new content pricing and packaging strategies (73 per cent). Just over half of executives also see opportunities in advance advertising and data (54 per cent), as well as standalone OTT services (53 per cent).

    Identifying opportunities for innovation globally, the research notes that many service providers have already started investing in new growth areas. North American providers, for example, see a significant commercial opportunity in new forms of content that appeal to Millennials and Generation Z such as digital-first short-form content, on-boarding of third-party OTT services, virtual reality, and gaming. Some European and Asia Pacific pay-TV service providers also see value in providing OTT or gaming services on their pay-TV platforms, particularly through partnerships. Only a smaller number of large scale operators currently address business adjacencies such as advanced advertising and Internet of Things (IoT).

    The research also identifies four major innovation success factors for the industry including strong customer and market insight, having the right platforms and processes, as well as strategic and collaborative partnerships with best-of-breed technology suppliers and content companies.

    “As broadband becomes more ubiquitous in several markets, competition from streaming media platforms intensifies and consumer TV and video journeys evolve, it is clear that the industry needs to innovate at a faster pace to satisfy its customers and remain relevant,” said Simon Trudelle, Senior Product Marketing Director for NAGRA. “Thanks to the work of the Pay-TV Innovation Forum, we now have a global view of the state of innovation around the world and a foundation of key learnings to ensure future success and growth for pay-TV service providers.”

    “The pay-TV industry is a global success story,” said Jon Watts, Managing Partner at MTM. “Despite some regional differences, the majority of executives expect to continue innovating around their core pay-TV services, improving user experience and developing new ways to price and package content, bringing new kinds of content onto their TV platforms, and continuing to invest in multiscreen offerings. The research programme also shows that successful service providers have focused strongly on developing their innovation capabilities, enabling them to adapt to new market conditions.”

  • Q1-17: Den Networks reports higher standalone revenue, operating profits

    Q1-17: Den Networks reports higher standalone revenue, operating profits

    BENGALURU: Multiple-systems operator Den Networks Limited (Den) reported 21.2 percent increase in standalone Total Income from operations (TIO) for the quarter ended June 30, 2016 (Q1-17, current quarter) as compared to the corresponding year ago quarter (Q1-16). The company also reported a standalone operating profit (EBIDTA) of Rs 4.58 crore (1.9 percent margin) in the current quarter as opposed to a standalone operating loss (negative EBIDTA) of Rs 26.44 crore. Den’s standalone TIO for the current quarter was Rs 238.67 crore as compared to Rs 196.89 crore. EBIDTA including other income was Rs 15.45 crore (6.2 percent margin) in Q1-17 as opposed to an operating loss (including other income) of Rs 6.01 crore in Q1-17.

    However the company reported higher standalone losses for the current quarter as compared to the corresponding year ago quarter. Net loss after tax (PAT) increased to Rs 57.40 crore in Q1-17 as compared to loss of Rs 53.49 crore in Q1-16. Standalone Total Comprehensive Income (TCI) was lower at a negative Rs 56.93 crore in Q1-17 as compared a negative Rs 51.74 crore in Q1-16.

    Segment numbers

    The company has two operating segments – Cable Distribution Network (Cable) and Broadband. Both segments reported improved operating numbers.

    Cable segment reported 15.1 percent growth in standalone operating revenue in Q1-17 at Rs 220.88 crore as compared to Rs 191.87 crore in Q1-16. Standalone operating loss in the current quarter was lower at Rs 31.19 crore as compared to a standalone operating loss of Rs 37.29 core in Q1-16.

    Broadband segment standalone revenue more than tripled (over 3.5 times) in the current quarter to Rs 17.79 crore as compared to Rs 5.02 crore in Q1-16. The segment reported lower standalone operating loss in Q1-17 of Rs 14.26 crore as compared to an operating loss of Rs 19.24 crore in the corresponding year ago quarter.

    Let us look at the other numbers reported by Den

    Standalone Total Expenditure in the current quarter was 12.1 percent higher at Rs 284.12 crore (119 percent of TIO) as compared Rs 253.43 crore (128.7 percent of TIO) in Q1-16.

    As percentage of TIO, Total expenditure in the current quarter was lower as compared to Q1-16. Most major standalone cost heads decreased in the current quarter as compared to the corresponding year ago quarter except for Content Costs, Other Expenses and Depreciation and Amortisation and hence wiped away the increase in TIO and resulted in higher loss. Other factors that contributed to higher loss were lower Other Income and higher Finance costs in Q1-17.

    As mentioned above, a major cost head for Den is Content Costs which increased by a massive Rs 30.70 crore or 35 percent to Rs 107.28 crore (44.9 percent of TIO) in Q1-17 from Rs 79.47 crore (40.4 percent of TIO). Standalone

    Other Expenses increased 5.4 percent in the current quarter to Rs 62 crore (26 percent of TIO) as compared to Rs 58.84 crore (29.9 percent of TIO) in Q1-16.

    Standalone Placement fees declined 21.8 percent in the current quarter to Rs 43.69 crore (18.3 percent of TIO) as compared to Rs 55.89 crore (28.4 percent of TIO).

    Standalone Employee benefits expense in Q1-17 declined 14.3 percent to Rs 19.57 crore (8.2 percent of TIO) as compared to Rs 22.83 crore (11.6 percent of TIO) in Q1-16.

    Standalone Finance costs in the current quarter increased 31.2 percent to Rs 22.82 crore (9.6 percent of TIO) as compared to Rs 17.39 crore (8.8 percent of TIO) in Q1-16.

    Standalone Other Income in Q1-17 was almost half (declined 46.8 percent) to Rs10.87 crore as compared to Rs 20.43 crore in Q1-16.

    Note: (1) All numbers mentioned in this report are standalone unless stated otherwise.

  • Q1-17: Den Networks reports higher standalone revenue, operating profits

    Q1-17: Den Networks reports higher standalone revenue, operating profits

    BENGALURU: Multiple-systems operator Den Networks Limited (Den) reported 21.2 percent increase in standalone Total Income from operations (TIO) for the quarter ended June 30, 2016 (Q1-17, current quarter) as compared to the corresponding year ago quarter (Q1-16). The company also reported a standalone operating profit (EBIDTA) of Rs 4.58 crore (1.9 percent margin) in the current quarter as opposed to a standalone operating loss (negative EBIDTA) of Rs 26.44 crore. Den’s standalone TIO for the current quarter was Rs 238.67 crore as compared to Rs 196.89 crore. EBIDTA including other income was Rs 15.45 crore (6.2 percent margin) in Q1-17 as opposed to an operating loss (including other income) of Rs 6.01 crore in Q1-17.

    However the company reported higher standalone losses for the current quarter as compared to the corresponding year ago quarter. Net loss after tax (PAT) increased to Rs 57.40 crore in Q1-17 as compared to loss of Rs 53.49 crore in Q1-16. Standalone Total Comprehensive Income (TCI) was lower at a negative Rs 56.93 crore in Q1-17 as compared a negative Rs 51.74 crore in Q1-16.

    Segment numbers

    The company has two operating segments – Cable Distribution Network (Cable) and Broadband. Both segments reported improved operating numbers.

    Cable segment reported 15.1 percent growth in standalone operating revenue in Q1-17 at Rs 220.88 crore as compared to Rs 191.87 crore in Q1-16. Standalone operating loss in the current quarter was lower at Rs 31.19 crore as compared to a standalone operating loss of Rs 37.29 core in Q1-16.

    Broadband segment standalone revenue more than tripled (over 3.5 times) in the current quarter to Rs 17.79 crore as compared to Rs 5.02 crore in Q1-16. The segment reported lower standalone operating loss in Q1-17 of Rs 14.26 crore as compared to an operating loss of Rs 19.24 crore in the corresponding year ago quarter.

    Let us look at the other numbers reported by Den

    Standalone Total Expenditure in the current quarter was 12.1 percent higher at Rs 284.12 crore (119 percent of TIO) as compared Rs 253.43 crore (128.7 percent of TIO) in Q1-16.

    As percentage of TIO, Total expenditure in the current quarter was lower as compared to Q1-16. Most major standalone cost heads decreased in the current quarter as compared to the corresponding year ago quarter except for Content Costs, Other Expenses and Depreciation and Amortisation and hence wiped away the increase in TIO and resulted in higher loss. Other factors that contributed to higher loss were lower Other Income and higher Finance costs in Q1-17.

    As mentioned above, a major cost head for Den is Content Costs which increased by a massive Rs 30.70 crore or 35 percent to Rs 107.28 crore (44.9 percent of TIO) in Q1-17 from Rs 79.47 crore (40.4 percent of TIO). Standalone

    Other Expenses increased 5.4 percent in the current quarter to Rs 62 crore (26 percent of TIO) as compared to Rs 58.84 crore (29.9 percent of TIO) in Q1-16.

    Standalone Placement fees declined 21.8 percent in the current quarter to Rs 43.69 crore (18.3 percent of TIO) as compared to Rs 55.89 crore (28.4 percent of TIO).

    Standalone Employee benefits expense in Q1-17 declined 14.3 percent to Rs 19.57 crore (8.2 percent of TIO) as compared to Rs 22.83 crore (11.6 percent of TIO) in Q1-16.

    Standalone Finance costs in the current quarter increased 31.2 percent to Rs 22.82 crore (9.6 percent of TIO) as compared to Rs 17.39 crore (8.8 percent of TIO) in Q1-16.

    Standalone Other Income in Q1-17 was almost half (declined 46.8 percent) to Rs10.87 crore as compared to Rs 20.43 crore in Q1-16.

    Note: (1) All numbers mentioned in this report are standalone unless stated otherwise.

  • Disney plays Fun Indiagames with Den

    Disney plays Fun Indiagames with Den

    MUMBAI: Indian Cable Television Distribution Company Den Network Limited and Disney India’s gaming arm Indiagames have launched ‘Fun Games,’ a subscription based gaming service. The service will offer a range of exciting games from the catalogue of Indiagames branded titles.

    Den Networks CEO SN Sharma said, “Disney India is to launch exciting games for kids under the name of Den Fun Games.’’

    Further, he emphasized, “At Den, we give the best value for money by using the most advanced technology.”

    “Today, MSOs reach out to major population in India and, by collaborating with Den, we are able to popularize our gaming content amongst them,” said Disney India – interactive, VP and head, Sameer Ganapathy.

    Den’s Fun Games offers three games which will be refreshed regularly for players to acquire new skills. The games include Egg Jump, Mailbox and Tower of Hanoi and are available for monthly Rs 45 and quarterly Rs 90 subscriptions.

  • Disney plays Fun Indiagames with Den

    Disney plays Fun Indiagames with Den

    MUMBAI: Indian Cable Television Distribution Company Den Network Limited and Disney India’s gaming arm Indiagames have launched ‘Fun Games,’ a subscription based gaming service. The service will offer a range of exciting games from the catalogue of Indiagames branded titles.

    Den Networks CEO SN Sharma said, “Disney India is to launch exciting games for kids under the name of Den Fun Games.’’

    Further, he emphasized, “At Den, we give the best value for money by using the most advanced technology.”

    “Today, MSOs reach out to major population in India and, by collaborating with Den, we are able to popularize our gaming content amongst them,” said Disney India – interactive, VP and head, Sameer Ganapathy.

    Den’s Fun Games offers three games which will be refreshed regularly for players to acquire new skills. The games include Egg Jump, Mailbox and Tower of Hanoi and are available for monthly Rs 45 and quarterly Rs 90 subscriptions.

  • Q1-17: Siti revenue, EBIDTA up

    Q1-17: Siti revenue, EBIDTA up

    BENGALURU: The Dr Subhash Chandra led newly renamed Siti Networks Limited (Siti) formerly known as Siti Cable Network Limited, reported 22.7 percent and 28.7 year-over-year growth in operating revenue and EBIDTA for the quarter ended 30 June 2106 (Q1-17, current quarter). Siti’s revenue in the current quarter was Rs 281.97 crore as compared to Rs 229.72 crore in the corresponding year ago quarter. EBIDTA (including other income) in Q1-17 was Rs 47.41 crore (16.8 percent margin) versus Rs 36.84 crore (16 percent margin). Loss however was higher in Q1-17 at Rs 52.61 crore as opposed to a loss of Rs 36.68 crore in Q1-16.

    The company says that its digital subscriber base has grown to 84 lakh during the current quarter from 79 lakh in the immediate trailing quarter. For Q1-16, the company had reported a digital subscriber base of 55.80 lakh. It says that it has expanded its footprint to 387 cities across the country in Q1-17 as compared to 312 cities at the end of the immediate trailing quarter. Broadband subscriber base has increased quarter-over-quarter in Q1-17 to 1.67 lakh from 1.32 lakh in Q4-16. HD Services: Siti says that it has strengthened its SITI HD+ services by expanding its bouquet to 57 HD channels. SITI HD+ customer base increased 65,140, up 29.8 percent over Q4-16 (50,170).

    Let us look at the other numbers reported by the company for Q1-17

    Subscription revenue in the current quarter increased 8 percent in Q1-17 y-o-y to Rs 139.3 crore from Rs 129 crore. Carriage revenue declined slightly to Rs 72 crore from Rs 79 crore, while activation charges almost tripled (2.93 times) to Rs 36.6 crore from Rs 12.5 crore. Broadband revenue more than doubled in the current quarter to Rs 19.5 crore from Rs 9 crore in Q1-16.

    Other Income more than doubled to Rs 4.92 crore in Q1-17 from Rs 2.44 crore in Q1-16.  Finance costs in the current quarter reduced to Rs 29.67 crore from Rs 34.39 crore in the corresponding year ago quarter. Total Expenditure increased to Rs 294.20 crore from Rs 231.16 crore in the corresponding year ago quarter. Employee Benefit Expense increased to Rs 19.12 crore in the current quarter from Rs 13.33 crore in Q1-16.  Carriage sharing, pay channel and related costs in Q1-17 increased to Rs 148.44 crore from Rs 135.70 crore in Q1-16.

    Company speak

    Siti executive director & CEO, V D Wadhwa said, “We expanded our reach further by branching out to 387 cities in line with our strategy of select market expansion. We have established our broadband presence in Haryana and expect to significantly expand our subscriber base this year.

    Recurring cash flows were sluggish due to delays in Phase 3 monetization on account of legal bottlenecks. However, we expect a time bound resolution by the second half of the year and limited long term impact of this issue. We are well prepared for improved monetization of our subscriber base.”

    Note: The unit of currency in this report is the Indian rupee – Rs (also conventionally represented by INR). The Indian numbering system or the Vedic numbering system has been used to denote money values. The basic conversion to the international norm would be:

    (a) 100,00,000 = 100 lakh = 10,000,000 = 10 million = 1 crore.

    (b) 10,000 lakh = 100 crore = 1 arab = 1 billion.

  • Q1-17: Siti revenue, EBIDTA up

    Q1-17: Siti revenue, EBIDTA up

    BENGALURU: The Dr Subhash Chandra led newly renamed Siti Networks Limited (Siti) formerly known as Siti Cable Network Limited, reported 22.7 percent and 28.7 year-over-year growth in operating revenue and EBIDTA for the quarter ended 30 June 2106 (Q1-17, current quarter). Siti’s revenue in the current quarter was Rs 281.97 crore as compared to Rs 229.72 crore in the corresponding year ago quarter. EBIDTA (including other income) in Q1-17 was Rs 47.41 crore (16.8 percent margin) versus Rs 36.84 crore (16 percent margin). Loss however was higher in Q1-17 at Rs 52.61 crore as opposed to a loss of Rs 36.68 crore in Q1-16.

    The company says that its digital subscriber base has grown to 84 lakh during the current quarter from 79 lakh in the immediate trailing quarter. For Q1-16, the company had reported a digital subscriber base of 55.80 lakh. It says that it has expanded its footprint to 387 cities across the country in Q1-17 as compared to 312 cities at the end of the immediate trailing quarter. Broadband subscriber base has increased quarter-over-quarter in Q1-17 to 1.67 lakh from 1.32 lakh in Q4-16. HD Services: Siti says that it has strengthened its SITI HD+ services by expanding its bouquet to 57 HD channels. SITI HD+ customer base increased 65,140, up 29.8 percent over Q4-16 (50,170).

    Let us look at the other numbers reported by the company for Q1-17

    Subscription revenue in the current quarter increased 8 percent in Q1-17 y-o-y to Rs 139.3 crore from Rs 129 crore. Carriage revenue declined slightly to Rs 72 crore from Rs 79 crore, while activation charges almost tripled (2.93 times) to Rs 36.6 crore from Rs 12.5 crore. Broadband revenue more than doubled in the current quarter to Rs 19.5 crore from Rs 9 crore in Q1-16.

    Other Income more than doubled to Rs 4.92 crore in Q1-17 from Rs 2.44 crore in Q1-16.  Finance costs in the current quarter reduced to Rs 29.67 crore from Rs 34.39 crore in the corresponding year ago quarter. Total Expenditure increased to Rs 294.20 crore from Rs 231.16 crore in the corresponding year ago quarter. Employee Benefit Expense increased to Rs 19.12 crore in the current quarter from Rs 13.33 crore in Q1-16.  Carriage sharing, pay channel and related costs in Q1-17 increased to Rs 148.44 crore from Rs 135.70 crore in Q1-16.

    Company speak

    Siti executive director & CEO, V D Wadhwa said, “We expanded our reach further by branching out to 387 cities in line with our strategy of select market expansion. We have established our broadband presence in Haryana and expect to significantly expand our subscriber base this year.

    Recurring cash flows were sluggish due to delays in Phase 3 monetization on account of legal bottlenecks. However, we expect a time bound resolution by the second half of the year and limited long term impact of this issue. We are well prepared for improved monetization of our subscriber base.”

    Note: The unit of currency in this report is the Indian rupee – Rs (also conventionally represented by INR). The Indian numbering system or the Vedic numbering system has been used to denote money values. The basic conversion to the international norm would be:

    (a) 100,00,000 = 100 lakh = 10,000,000 = 10 million = 1 crore.

    (b) 10,000 lakh = 100 crore = 1 arab = 1 billion.